Therapy for Military Spouses

I reached a point in my life where I realized that I was not, in fact, as resilient as military spouses are supposed to be.

And this was embarrassing to me.

I felt like something was seriously wrong with me that I was not handling military family life as easily as other spouses seemed to be.

 My husband had been given a remote assignment for the year, at a stage of life when parenting was super-hard. We were living overseas and I was told I couldn’t stay there, where we already had a school, a church, and wonderful neighbors.

I had to pick someplace in the US to camp out for a year, and we had no idea where his follow-on assignment would be.

I chose Carlisle because it was the area of the country we had been considering for retirement and I knew that living on post would have lots of “easy buttons.” I would be surrounded by Army wives who have done long deployments before. As an Air Force wife, we had weathered multiple missions where my husband would be gone for 2-3 weeks, home for a bit, and then gone again.

The long stretch of a year felt like a bridge too far for me.

 I knew I needed help from the other military spouses, but it felt scary to reach out because that would mean admitting that I am not as resilient as I am supposed to be. I had a few past experiences where I reached out to other spouses and got told that they had it worse. They seemed to feel that their worse experiences should negate my pain somehow, but it just made me feel isolated in the unique struggles of this lifestyle.

I needed professional help, and I needed it badly enough that I was ready to humble myself enough to seek it out. 

It was important for me to find someone who understood military culture and Christian culture because the values I had internalized from both of those contexts were very important to me.

I was afraid those values would be misunderstood or dismissed.

I found a great counselor who aligned with my faith. Although she was not connected to the military in any way, she helped me immensely.

While some of the challenges of military life complicated my issues, it turned out that my issues were less about my husband and the military and more about me, the way I perceived myself in the world, and how I communicated.

Actually, my issues were about value, voice, and peace.

If you have been exploring my website, you’ll see that my main focus is helping women step into their value, voice, and peace. The more I work with women on finding freedom from anxiety, the more I see these themes of women seeking to feel valued by measuring up to near impossible standards, they do not feel valued so they do not value themselves, and they silence themselves. All of this leads to a lack of peace.

I know the importance of this because it was my story.

To clarify, I was not valuing myself, I was not using my voice (in fact I did not have a clear idea of what I would even say), and I definitely did not have a sense of peace.

I know how possible it is to make transformational life changes because I’ve done it.

Not that my story is the same as yours. My circumstances, thoughts, feelings, life experiences, and beliefs are just as unique as yours are, but I’ve been through the process of making changes that felt impossible. 

The lessons I needed to learn were largely mine to work on. That felt discouraging at first, because I did not like facing the fact that I was a hot mess. (My counselor did not put it to me like that of course.)

Truth is, everyone has their hot messes, but some of us are better at hiding it than others.

The good news here is that when you figure out that your issues are yours to deal with, you have a lot of power to make positive changes. 

And once you know what your personal hot messes are, they tend to be less hot and less messy. 

 

After that year, I started looking at going back to work. I thought about how much I would love to spare other military spouses the headache of trying to find someone who checks that block of understanding military culture. We have committed to staying in the Carlisle area after retirement, and I thought about how many War College families land here for a year that provides a bit of a breather in their career rhythm. Not that it is easy for War College students; their year is academically grueling. But it is a year where they are home and there are a lot of fun things to do (even if much of it is “mandatory fun”).

 

I felt like God was calling me to step up and fill a gap.

I went to Messiah College (which is now Messiah University) to get my master’s degree in counseling. Every time there was an assignment, I looked for ways to bring military spouse mental health into it. I was discouraged that there was not much research out there focused on military spouses. There is a lot of research about the military service members and a lot about deployment, but I was looking for ways that I could be effective with military spouses.

I wanted to see if my story was reflected in research literature.

I found glimmers of it, but just barely. I am pleased to say that I have noticed positive shifts that focus more on military spouse needs since I started my graduate program.

Here are some tidbits of what I learned about military spouses from my grad school projects:

  • The mental health of military spouses impacts the mental health of the rest of the military family (1)

  • The military spouse’s well-being impacts the way adolescent children navigate the process of reintegrating after a deployment (2)

  • Service members have a higher level of marital satisfaction when both partners can find positive meaning in military service (3)

  • Unique stressors faced by military spouses include the consistent uncertainty of managing multiple moves and deployments, shifts in and out of solo-parenting status and a perceived unspoken expectation to be resilient through it all. Both partners go through individual changes during deployments, which can be really tough to navigate when they come back together.  Some spouses cope by conceptualizing the military as a 3rd “person” in their marriage (4, 5).

  • Some military spouses may silence themselves because they fear judgement by others, they feel a need to protect extended family from knowing how tough it really can be, and they don’t want to cause their deployed service member to worry. (6)

  • Actually, both the spouse and service member edit their communications during deployment in order to protect each other. This is something that would typically be problematic in civilian marriages, but it might be an adaptive way of coping for military couples (these articles pointed to a need for more research). (5, 7)

  • Stigma, time, childcare, and knowing where to find help are some factors that keep military spouses from seeking mental health help. (8, 9, 10)

  • Service members are perceived positively, maybe even privileged, in the military and civilian communities alike, which can pose problems when domestic violence is involved; military spouses may face extra challenges finding someone to believe them and help (11).

  • “Service over Self” is often a mindset military spouses take on, sometimes due to a perceived expectation to do so (12, 11, 4).

  • Military culture “counts” as a unique culture and counselors should educate themselves about the nuances of living in this community in order to ethically work with clients connected to the military. (13,  14, 15)

  • Confidentiality is super-important to military service members, spouses, and children. (16, 9, 10). Some spouses expressed that confidentiality was important because they wanted to protect their active duty partners from negative consequences they perceived could arise because their spouse was having mental health issues. (9)

These research articles are somewhat dated, and many of them represent a small sample size, so they do not necessarily accurately reflect the widespread thoughts and feelings among military spouses. I include these findings as examples of things that might impact the mental health of military spouses.

I am committed to further research on things that impact the mental health of military spouses.

 

I got sidetracked because I started with PTSD. Since PTSD is so prevalent among service members, I wanted to better understand trauma. I wanted to be ready to help military spouses with the impact of living with someone with PTSD.

 

This led me to realizing that trauma, especially “little t trauma” is more pervasive than most people realize. People can experience negative effects of trauma without actually meeting the criteria for PTSD. I realized that trauma might come up in my work with anyone, not just military spouses. I found that EMDR is one of the leading treatments for trauma so I followed that rabbit trail. 

I plan to focus my attention back on issues more specific to military spouses as soon as time allows, but life threw me a bit of a curve ball more recently.

My family went through a very difficult transition that prompted me to start Sparrow’s Nest Counseling. I wanted to trade my commute to be closer to home while we navigated our new normal.

As a result, I narrowed the focus of my practice so I would be able to work with what I tend to do best, which is women who struggle with issues related to anxiety.

I know this type of brain, because it has been my brain! I have lived experience overcoming these issues.

Honestly, I think a lot of the anxiety issues I dealt with actually helped me cope with the challenges of being a military spouse. Anxiety is a normal emotion, and it helps us do really difficult things. We can function with anxiety, in fact that is sometimes even called “high functioning anxiety.”

However, the very anxiety that can help us be resilient can get in the way of enjoying our lives. 

I share this to let you know that even though I haven’t been continuing to research the specific mental health needs of military spouses, I fully expect to find the full spectrum of anxiety-related issues to show up in that research. EMDR Therapy is amazingly effective with issues of anxiety, too.

I am continuing to research issues pertinent to military spouses, and have actually started speaking to military spouse groups in an effort to help empower them to cut through the barriers that keep them stuck in mental health struggles.

I understand military culture from my lived experience in it. Your experience may be completely different, but I speak the language.

I am tuned into the burdens you may be carrying. And I may understand why you’ve been willing to carry them all these years. 

 

I will never forget the first time I heard a genuine word of encouragement from a senior military spouse. 

I remember her telling us “Don’t suffer in silence.”

I am here to tell you the same thing.

Call for a free consultation and let’s do this.

 References

 (1)    Green, S., Nurius, P. S., & Lester, P. (2013). Spouse psychological well-being: A keystone to military family health. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 23(6), 753-768. doi:10.1080/10911359.2013.795068

 (2)    Clark, M. A., O'Neal, C. W., Conley, K. M., & Mancini, J. A. (2018). Resilient family processes, personal reintegration, and subjective well-being outcomes for military personnel and their family members. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 88(1), 99-111. doi:10.1037/ort0000278

 (3)    Bergmann, J. S., Renshaw, K. D., Allen, E. S., Markman, H. J., & Stanley, S. M. (2014). Meaningfulness of service and marital satisfaction in Army couples. Journal of Family Psychology, 28(5), 701-706. doi:10.1037/fam0000013

 (4)    Aducci, C. J., Baptist, J. A., George, J., Barros, P. M., & Nelson Goff, B. S. (2011). The recipe for being a good military wife: How military wives managed OIF/OEF deployment. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy: An International Forum, 23(3-4), 231-249. doi:10.1080/08952833.2011.604526

 (5)    Baptist, J., Amanor-Boadu, Y., Garrett, K., Nelson Goff, B., Collum, J., Gamble, P., … Wick, S. (2011). Military marriages: The aftermath of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) deployments. Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal, 33(3), 199–214. https://doi-org.ezproxy.messiah.edu/10.1007/s10591-011-9162-6

 (6)    Davis, J., Ward, D. B., & Storm, C. (2011). The unsilencing of military wives: Wartime deployment experiences and citizen responsibility. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 37(1), 51-63. doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.2009.00154.x

 (7)    Joseph, A. L., & Afifi, T. D. (2010). Military wives’ stressful disclosures to their deployed husbands: The role of protective buffering. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 38(4), 412–434. https://doi-org.ezproxy.messiah.edu/10.1080/00909882.2010.513997

 (8)    Acosta, J. D., Becker, A., Cerully, J. L., Fisher, M. P., Martin, L. T., Vardavas, R., . . . Schell, T. L. (2014). Mental health stigma in the military. Retrieved from http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR426.html

 (9)    Becker, S. J., Swenson, R. R., Esposito-Smythers, C., Cataldo, A. M., & Spirito, A. (2014). Barriers to seeking mental health services among adolescents in military families. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 45(6), 504-513. doi:10.1037/a0036120

 (10) Lewy, C. S., Oliver, C. M., & McFarland, B. H. (2014). Barriers to mental health treatment for military wives. Psychiatric Services, 65(9), 1170-1173. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201300325

 (11) Kern, E. (2017). Systemic barriers faced by women attempting to leave abusive military marriages. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95(3), 354–364. https://doi-org.ezproxy.messiah.edu/10.1002/jcad.12149

 (12) Hall, L. K. (2011). The importance of understanding military culture. Social Work in Health Care, 50(1), 4–18. https://doi-org.ezproxy.messiah.edu/10.1080/00981389.2010.513914

 (13) Coll, J. E., Weiss, E. L., & Yarvis, J. S. (2011). No one leaves unchanged: Insights for civilian health care professionals into the military experience and culture. Social Work in Health Care, 50, 487-500. doi:10.1080/00981389.2010.528727

 (14) Frey, J. J., Collins, K. S., Pastoor, J., & Linde, L. (2014). Social workers’ observations of the needs of the total military community. Journal of Social Work Education, 50(4), 712-729. doi:10.1080/10437797.2014.947904

(15) Reger, M. A., Etherage, J. R., Reger, G. M., & Gahm, G. A. (2008). Civilian psychologists in an Army culture: The ethical challenge of cultural competence. Military Psychology, 20(1), 21-35. doi:10.1080/08995600701753144

 (16) Cornish, M. A., Thys, A., Vogel, D. L., & Wade, N. G. (2014). Post-deployment difficulties and help seeking barriers among military veterans: Insights and intervention strategies. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 45, 405–409. doi: 10.1037/a0037986